Rewrite Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Rewrite - Essay Example With respect to this particular project, datasets from five hospitals within the nation of the United Arab Emirates will be analyzed. The information which was ultimately collected, tabulated, and analyzed related to the records of diabetic patients. Accordingly, the next step of the research was to evaluate a host of different data mining methods which could be of use with regards to understanding the overall pattern of the given datasets. As a final step, the project is intended to extract a level of useful inference with regards to the medical knowledge to include rules and /or patterns and seek to include them in an overall research that could ultimately be published as a means of showing how data mining techniques have the potential to lead to knowledge discovery and generation. As a function of performing these experiments, WEKA was utilized. As a function of using WEKA to draw a level of inference upon the medical data, it was able to determine and populate a lot of missing va lues by treating these values as separate attributes and encoding them appropriately. The end result of such an analysis has revealed a high number of hidden patterns that could not be elaborated upon with the use of normal analysis. As a function of all of this level of analysis, the end consequence can and should be to have a high level of improvement upon the potential for medical resolutions to both extant as well as unknown issues. Acknowledgement This particular project has only been able to be completed due to the tireless help and assistance of a wide variety of different individuals. I would like to take this particular opportunity to thank each and every one of them for the differing levels of assistance they have provided. 1.1 Supervisor Motivation When I had first begun to consider the long list of projects that were available, I had at first thought that as a software engineering specialist, it would be best to work on seeking to develop a java interface or a particular web-browsing application. However, once I considered this to a further degree, I began to realize that there was a more definitive need within the current and existing knowledge base that is represented within the Medical Data Mining arena. Due to the fact that I had long considered the techniques that could help to integrate a greater level of understanding of hidden patterns within databases, I opted for this route. Dr. M. Saraee was extraordinarily useful and helpful in seeking to motivate and direct y project as well as research into this particular field. As a function of his encouragement, this project has been able not only to improve upon my research skills but also provide a valuable and measurable impact on the prospects of future work that I might be able to engage upon. 1.1.2 Personal Motivation Over the past several years, while studying for a degree in Software Engineering, I was introduced to a few of the concept of document analysis and pattern recognition. As a res ult of this, one of the main motivations that I developed was to accrue a deep and complete understanding of data mining and pattern recog

Commercial Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Commercial Law - Essay Example The purchase of the conveyor belt raises the issue of whether or not Contigrain is an innocent third party and can claim damages for fraudulent misrepresentation on the part of Hampshire. The sale of the truck to farmer Giles may also expose Contigrain to liability on the grounds that the truck was not of merchantable quality. In order to determine whether or not Contigrain is entitled to demand possession of the Brazilian peanut extract from the liquidators of Agrigus or demand payment in full from Munchy Feeds for the turnip fibre it is necessary to examine each contract by reference to the Sale of Goods Act 1979. To start with Section 2(1) defines a contract for the sale of goods as an agreement where the vendor â€Å"transfers or agrees to transfer the property in goods to the buyer† for a price.1 On the facts of the case for discussion there is a sale of goods contract in both instances. Clearly, Contigrain and Agrigus agreed that in consideration of the sum of 1000 pounds per ton, Agrigus would transfer 100 tonnes of peanut extract to Contigrain for which the latter made a payment of 50,000 pounds. Similarly, Contigrain agreed to and did deliver 500 tonnes of turnip fibre to Munchy in consideration of the sum of 1000 pounds per ton to be paid in full within 30 days of delivery. Having established that contracts for the sale of goods have been completed between Contigrain and Agrigus and Contigrain and Munchy, it is necessary to determine whether or not and at which point title to the property passes from the seller to the purchaser. This is important for ascertaining who bears liability for any risk associated with the goods. Section 20(1) of the Sale of Goods Act 1979 provides: Unless otherwise agreed, the goods remain at the sellers risk until the property in them is transferred to the buyer, but when the property in them is transferred to the buyer the goods are at the buyers risk whether delivery has been

The Evolution of Capitalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Evolution of Capitalism - Essay Example Marx and Engels were very critical of capitalism and the methods proposed by Smith. For them capitalism creates class antagonisms and the only solution is to overthrow capitalism. Carnegie like Marx acknowledges class divisions, but views inequality as inevitable and the solution lies in administration of wealth. The aim of this paper is to explore the evolution of capitalism and its impact on society through the works of Smith, Marx and Carnegie. Adam Smith is considered as the father of free market capitalism with the invisible hand controlling the market. Industrialization led to the factory system which changed work patterns. Laborers now produced commodities for exchange in the market with prices determined by forces of demand and supply instead of producing for own use (Sanders et al. 203). Due to lack of other means of obtaining subsistence food and maintaining their race, they offered their labor to factory owners in exchange of wages thus commodifying labor. Division of labo r became the norm in factories leading to labor productivity since workers could produce more products than if acting alone (204). Some operations are more complex than others requiring different skills and as such wages were paid according to level of complexity. Actors in this system are driven by self-interest. In Adam’s words â€Å"it’s not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest† (204). By pursuing self-interest (profit) the capitalists provide essential goods and revenue to the community without intending to do so. Though market mechanisms regulate the market, sometimes the employers combine to sink wages below the natural rate (207). Smith condemns such combinations as they hinder competition and same case applies to government interventions. Free trade is encouraged as a nation cannot be self sufficient; it could be cheaper to import than manufacture locally (207 ). Marx agrees with Smith that division of labor leads to improved productivity thus new wealth acquisition and that competition brings market efficiency (214).However, those who produce wealth do not benefit as capitalists accumulate the surplus value. This to Marx is exploitation of labor and also results into two antagonistic classes; the bourgeoisies (capitalists) and proletariat (working class) (216). The discussion during the early 19th century thus moved from discussing the rise of capitalism and centered on the class struggles produced by capitalism. Free trade and competition advocated by Smith only serve to encourage exploitation of workers by the capitalists. If the market is allowed to operate freely, capitalists employ and dismiss labor as they like and offer low wages since they have a reserve army of workers (217). Furthermore, labor has been replaced by machines. The solution offered by Marx and Engels to end class antagonisms is to overthrow capitalism and replace i t with communism. This entails abolishing private property and move from â€Å"each according to his ability; to each according to his needs† (215). Carnegie agrees with Marx that capitalism produces classes as evidenced in America. New classes of the rich and poor emerged with the gap between them widening as rich accumulate more wealth (220). Since competition is healthy and the government ought not to intervene in the market, his main concern is how this wealth

Rewrite Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Rewrite - Essay Example With respect to this particular project, datasets from five hospitals within the nation of the United Arab Emirates will be analyzed. The information which was ultimately collected, tabulated, and analyzed related to the records of diabetic patients. Accordingly, the next step of the research was to evaluate a host of different data mining methods which could be of use with regards to understanding the overall pattern of the given datasets. As a final step, the project is intended to extract a level of useful inference with regards to the medical knowledge to include rules and /or patterns and seek to include them in an overall research that could ultimately be published as a means of showing how data mining techniques have the potential to lead to knowledge discovery and generation. As a function of performing these experiments, WEKA was utilized. As a function of using WEKA to draw a level of inference upon the medical data, it was able to determine and populate a lot of missing va lues by treating these values as separate attributes and encoding them appropriately. The end result of such an analysis has revealed a high number of hidden patterns that could not be elaborated upon with the use of normal analysis. As a function of all of this level of analysis, the end consequence can and should be to have a high level of improvement upon the potential for medical resolutions to both extant as well as unknown issues. Acknowledgement This particular project has only been able to be completed due to the tireless help and assistance of a wide variety of different individuals. I would like to take this particular opportunity to thank each and every one of them for the differing levels of assistance they have provided. 1.1 Supervisor Motivation When I had first begun to consider the long list of projects that were available, I had at first thought that as a software engineering specialist, it would be best to work on seeking to develop a java interface or a particular web-browsing application. However, once I considered this to a further degree, I began to realize that there was a more definitive need within the current and existing knowledge base that is represented within the Medical Data Mining arena. Due to the fact that I had long considered the techniques that could help to integrate a greater level of understanding of hidden patterns within databases, I opted for this route. Dr. M. Saraee was extraordinarily useful and helpful in seeking to motivate and direct y project as well as research into this particular field. As a function of his encouragement, this project has been able not only to improve upon my research skills but also provide a valuable and measurable impact on the prospects of future work that I might be able to engage upon. 1.1.2 Personal Motivation Over the past several years, while studying for a degree in Software Engineering, I was introduced to a few of the concept of document analysis and pattern recognition. As a res ult of this, one of the main motivations that I developed was to accrue a deep and complete understanding of data mining and pattern recog

The Evolution of Capitalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Evolution of Capitalism - Essay Example Marx and Engels were very critical of capitalism and the methods proposed by Smith. For them capitalism creates class antagonisms and the only solution is to overthrow capitalism. Carnegie like Marx acknowledges class divisions, but views inequality as inevitable and the solution lies in administration of wealth. The aim of this paper is to explore the evolution of capitalism and its impact on society through the works of Smith, Marx and Carnegie. Adam Smith is considered as the father of free market capitalism with the invisible hand controlling the market. Industrialization led to the factory system which changed work patterns. Laborers now produced commodities for exchange in the market with prices determined by forces of demand and supply instead of producing for own use (Sanders et al. 203). Due to lack of other means of obtaining subsistence food and maintaining their race, they offered their labor to factory owners in exchange of wages thus commodifying labor. Division of labo r became the norm in factories leading to labor productivity since workers could produce more products than if acting alone (204). Some operations are more complex than others requiring different skills and as such wages were paid according to level of complexity. Actors in this system are driven by self-interest. In Adam’s words â€Å"it’s not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest† (204). By pursuing self-interest (profit) the capitalists provide essential goods and revenue to the community without intending to do so. Though market mechanisms regulate the market, sometimes the employers combine to sink wages below the natural rate (207). Smith condemns such combinations as they hinder competition and same case applies to government interventions. Free trade is encouraged as a nation cannot be self sufficient; it could be cheaper to import than manufacture locally (207 ). Marx agrees with Smith that division of labor leads to improved productivity thus new wealth acquisition and that competition brings market efficiency (214).However, those who produce wealth do not benefit as capitalists accumulate the surplus value. This to Marx is exploitation of labor and also results into two antagonistic classes; the bourgeoisies (capitalists) and proletariat (working class) (216). The discussion during the early 19th century thus moved from discussing the rise of capitalism and centered on the class struggles produced by capitalism. Free trade and competition advocated by Smith only serve to encourage exploitation of workers by the capitalists. If the market is allowed to operate freely, capitalists employ and dismiss labor as they like and offer low wages since they have a reserve army of workers (217). Furthermore, labor has been replaced by machines. The solution offered by Marx and Engels to end class antagonisms is to overthrow capitalism and replace i t with communism. This entails abolishing private property and move from â€Å"each according to his ability; to each according to his needs† (215). Carnegie agrees with Marx that capitalism produces classes as evidenced in America. New classes of the rich and poor emerged with the gap between them widening as rich accumulate more wealth (220). Since competition is healthy and the government ought not to intervene in the market, his main concern is how this wealth

Flight Commander Sda Essay Example for Free

Flight Commander Sda Essay A. 1. 2. Interview any leader on the subject of â€Å"taking charge.† Report what u have learned from the interview in the SDA report and in a 3-5 minute speech to cadets in your unit. See attachment one. I made my oral briefing to the Cyberpatriot team on the 19 of September 2013. Major Staple observed. B. 1. List five common uniform discrepancies and explain what the correct standard actually is. Reference the appropriate CAP regulation and paragraph. During many inspections I have noticed that cadet will space their insignia incorrectly. Even though in CAPM 39-1 it states that insignia is to be worn centered, 1inch from the bottom of the collar an parallel. Cadets that attend encampments tend to wear their wing patches lower than CAPM 39-1 one states. In CAPM 39-1 is says that the wing patch is to be worn 1/2inch and centered below the shoulder seam. 2. 3. At special activities I notice cadets wearing Model Rocketry Patches on their BDUs. The cadets I have noticed wear them on the left breast pocket, but that is incorrect. The model rocketry patch is not a specialty an is to be worn on the right breast pocket. 4. During encampment I had noticed during inspection that some cadets had their squadron patches placed wrong on the right breast pocket. Any patches placed on the breast pockets are to be worn completely centered on all sides if they are correct with CAPM 39-1. 5. During encampment staff selections I noticed that some cadets were wearing a silver star on their Goddard ribbon. I also knew this cadet had not been to a COS but had attended a RCLS. Although he did attend the RCLS, you must attend a COS in order to wear the star. Part B: Narrative 1. What are the essential duties of the flight commander? The flight commander is there to direct their flight in things such as: CAP uniform, military courtesy and discipline, drill, ceremonies and formations. They also need to be aware of their flight members testing, and any other situations that may appear with his/her flight. CAPP 52-14 is also something that flight commanders should understand and be up to date with. 2. How does the flight commander help the squadron fulfill its mission? Flight Commanders are training the future leaders of the squadron. The flight commander is there to help an encourage all the cadets in their flight, whether it be in drill, uniform, or studying for a test. Flight commanders are what builds the squadron with out the flight commanders the squadron would be unable to thrive. 3. How do flight commanders affect cadets or the overall cadet program? Flight commanders are one of the main things that a new cadet encounters, the others are flight sergeant an other basics. If a cadet has an understanding an personal flight commander the cadet may be more willing to listen to the person (flight commander) that they just met. Overall without the flight commanders the cadet program would have no one to educate cadets on the way of cadet life. 4. What leadership skills do flight commanders need most to succeed? Leadership skills are a very important part of being a flight commander, without leadership there is no way to truly fulfill the needs of a flight commander. A flight commander needs to be able to understand an communicate with his/her cadets in order to teach them. The flight commander also needs to know when to delegate or be the one to take charge, if he/she doesnt delegate then there is no true need for the flight sergeant.

Effect of Temperature and Cu2+ on Abscorbic Acid Stability

Effect of Temperature and Cu2+ on Abscorbic Acid Stability Effects of Temperature, pH and Cu2+ on Abscorbic Acid Stability NAME: Sophia Chai Lai Jin Objectives: To perform a selected redox titrimetric procedure. To measure the stability of ascorbic acid under various conditions. Introduction L-ascorbic acid as known as Vitamin C is an essential nutrient for humans. L-ascorbic acid is one of the most potent compounds acting as an antioxidant in biological systems by scavenging active oxygen species and free radicals. L-ascorbic acid is a well-known water-soluble antioxidant that has a whitening effect and serves as a cofactor of prolinehydroxylase to promote synthesis of collagen. Low intakes cause a nutrient deficiency disease known as scurvy. Scurvy causes general weakness, anemia, gum disease, and skin hemorrhages. The effectiveness of ascorbic acid as a food additive depends on its oxidation to dehydroascorbic acid which effectively destroys ascorbic acid. Since it is so readily oxidized, it is frequently called the most unstable vitamin. Ascorbic acid may degrade via a number of different mechanisms. Anaerobic and aerobic pathways have been identified; but when oxygen is present, oxidative degradation predominates. Factors that may influence the rate of ascorbic acid degradation include temperature, salt and sugar concentration, pH, oxygen concentration, metal catalysts, and enzymes. Apparatus Test tubes, beakers (20 and 250 mL), burets, pipets (1,5 and 10 mL), Erlenmeyer flasks (50 mL), graduated cylinders (10 and 50 mL), hot plate, boiling beads, pH meter, water bath. Materials Ascorbic acid solution (0.5 and 10 mg/mL), oxalic acid solution (0.25 M), 2,6-dichloroindophenol (dye) solution, cupric sulphate, (CuSO4.5H2O) solution (10 g/100 mL), glycine buffer (0.1 M, pH 2), carbonate buffer (0.1 M, pH 8), HCl (1 M). Experimental Procedure Abscorbic Acid Standard Curve 9 mL of oxalic acid solution and 1 mL of 1.0 M HCl was transferred to each of four Erlenmeyer flask. 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mL of ascorbic acid solution (0.5 mg/mL) was added to each respectively. Each flask rapidly with dye solution was titrate until a light but distinct rose pink colour persists for at least 5 s. A volume o fdye versus miligrams of ascorbic acid was plotted. Effects of Temperature, pH and Cu2+ on Ascorbic Acid Stability 10 mL (duplicate) was prepared of each of the following solution Ascorbic acid in glycine buffer Ascorbic acid in carbonate buffer Ascorbic acid in glycine buffer + CuSO4 Ascorbic acid in carbonate buffer + CuSO4 1 mL of ascorbic acid (10 mg/mL), 0.5 mL of CuSO4 and sufficient buffer was added to bring the total volume to 10 mL and well mixed. The pH was recorded for each solution. They was cover and capped loosely and transfer to a boiling water bath. It was boiled for 15 minutes and cooled. Titration was done. Results: Table 1 : Volume of dye vs miligrams of ascorbic acid Ascorbic acid (0.5 mg/mL) Ascorbic acid in mg Volume of dichloroindophenol used (mL) 0.5 0.25 30.4 1.0 0.5 57.1 1.5 0.75 82.7 2.0 1.0 114.1 Table 2: pH value of each solution Solution pH value 1st set 2nd set Ascorbic acid + glycine 2.06 2.09 Ascorbic acid + carbonate 7.24 7.27 Ascorbic acid + glycine + CuSO4 1.98 2.00 Ascorbic acid + carbonate + CuSO4 6.17 6.22 Table 3: Volume of dye vs different solutions Solution Volume of dichloroindophenol used (mL) Ascorbic acid + glycine 5.8 Ascorbic acid + carbonate 3.3 Ascorbic acid + glycine + CuSO4 2.6 Ascorbic acid + carbonate + CuSO4 1.6 Calculation Average amount of ascorbic acid to titrate with dichloroindophenol in 1 mL Y = 113.21x 1 = 113.21x X = 0.0088 mg 1 mL of dichloroindophenol is required to titrate with 0.0088 mg of ascorbic acid Total volume of ascorbic acid solution = 10 mL Ascorbic acid + glycine solution required 5.8 mL of dichloroindophenol: 0.0088 mg X 5.8 = 0.05104 mg Concentration of ascorbic acid = 0.005104 mg/mL Ascorbic acid + carbonate required 3.3 mL of dichloroindophenol: 0.0088 mg X 3.3 = 0.02904 mg Concentration of ascorbic acid= 0.0029 mg/mL Ascorbic acid + glycine + CuSO4 required 2.6 mL of dichloroindophenol: 0.0088 mg X 2.6= 0.02288 mg Concentration of ascorbic acid = 0.002288 mg/mL Ascorbic acid + carbonate + CuSO4 required 1.6 mL of dichloroindophenol: 0.0088 mg X 1.6= 0.01408 mg/mL Concentration of ascorbic acid = 0.001408 mg/mL Discussion In this experiment, redox iodometric titration assay was used to determine the amount of concentration of ascorbic acid in each buffer solution. CuSO4 act as the oxidizing reagent in the reaction. Firstly, the dichloroindophenol act as the blue dye will oxidized the ascorbic acid when titration begin. The ascorbic acid will be oxidized into another form which is called dehydroascorbic acid. The following figure shows the equation of redox reaction of ascorbic acid and converted to dehydroascorbic acid in the titration. In acid condition, the blue dye will turn the solution into pinkish colour, if the ascorbic acid is present, it will reduce the solution back into colourless compound. The higher the concentration of ascorbic acid, the more dichloroindophenol is needed to oxidize it. Until the titration end point is reached, a persist pink colour solution will be obtained. This indicates that the availability of ascorbic acid has used up for reduction and being oxidized quantitavely by dichloroindophenol. Therefore, from the result in part A standard curve calibration, a straight linear line was achieved. The 2.0 mL of ascorbic acid solution (0.5 mg/mL) required a huge amount of dichloroindophenol to neutralize it. From the result obtained, the ascorbic acid-glycine solution tend to have higher concentration of ascorbic acid. Meanwhile in ascorbic acid-carbonate solution has a lower concentration of ascorbic acid. This might due to in alkaline condition it will be more easily to oxidized into dehydroascorbic acid. In alkaline condition, the O2 will act as the oxidant to breakdown the ascorbic acid and destabilize it. Therefore, a slightly acidic pH, the antioxidant properties of ascorbic acid can be maintained. Moreover, in the presence of CuSO4 will degrade the ascorbic acid easily as CuSO4 is a strong oxidizing agent. Cu2+ will catalaze the oxidation and heating also will increase the rate of oxidation. However, at a slight acidic pH such as in citrus juice, the vitamin is more stable. Besides, thermal treatment to the ascorbic acid can degrade and destruct the antioxidant properties of the structure. In boiling water bath, most of the ascorbic acid are believed to be degraded. Therefore, the amount of the concentration of ascorbic acid are found to be lower than the beginning of the experiment. Conclusion The higher the concentration of ascorbic acid in a solution, the more amount of dichloroindophenol are required to neutralized it. In a very acidic condition, it will degrade the ascorbic acid faster. However in a neutral or alkaline condition in the presence of air, the ascorbic acid will oxidized fast due to the O2 which is an oxidant. High temperature can degrade the antioxidant properties of the vitamin C. References http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000355.htm http://chemistry.about.com/od/demonstrationsexperiments/ss/vitctitration_4.htm http://www.sussexvt.k12.de.us/science/Textbook/LIM_LowRes_Unsecured/NCInv13D.pdf Questions Explain the difference in the results between the ascorbic acid-glycine and the ascorbic acid-carbonate buffers, and the effect of pH on ascorbic acid. The ascorbic acid-glycine solution tend to have higher concentration of ascorbic acid. Meanwhile in ascorbic acid-carbonate solution has a lower concentration of ascorbic acid. This might due to in alkaline condition it will be more easily to oxidized into dehydroascorbic acid. In alkaline condition, the O2 will act as the oxidant to breakdown the ascorbic acid and destabilize it. Therefore, a slightly acidic pH, the antioxidant properties of ascorbic acid can be maintained. Explain the difference in the results between ascorbic acid-glycine buffer and the ascorbic acid-glycine buffer with CuSO4; between ascorbic acid-carbonate buffer and the ascorbic acid-carbonate buffer with CuSO4 model systems. The presence of metal ions such as copper and iron increase the rate of oxidation of ascorbic acid. CuSO4 is strong oxidizing agent. Ascorbic acid form complex with metal ions and reduce metal ion into metal. Therefore, the addition of CuSO4 has lowered the amount of dichloroindophenol which required to titrate with the ascorbic acid solution.